Hypotensive, Spasmolytic and Spasmogenic Effect of Cyperus Rotundus Crude Extract and Its Fractions

The main objective of present study is to explore the hypotensive and GIT effect of traditionally important plant Cyperus rotudus. Aqueous extract of C. rotundus caused a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats in a dose dependant manner. At the dose of 3 mg/kg the MAB was found to reduce by 42.6% from its control. This fall in the MABP was statistically significant (p<0.0005). The increased dose of C. rotundus (10 and 30 mg/kg) showed a less reduction in the MABP (22.3% and 10.4% respectively). The crude extract and its fractions (ethylacetate, chloroform, n-butanol and aqueous) were analyzed for its spasmogenic and spasmolytic activity in vitro, on rabbit intestine and the effects were compared with standard drugs acetylcholine, adrenaline and atropine. The crude extract of C. rotundus exhibited highly significant (70.16%) relaxing action on smooth muscles in comparison to control and standard drugs. When it was fractionated except ethylacetate fraction which showed spasmolytic action all other fraction showed very strong spasmogenic activity (chloroform 83.87%, n-butanol 77.11% and aqueous 96.5%). It was also observed that spasmolytic activity was dominant in crude extract.